Spatio-temporal Analysis of South Western States of Nigeria using Remote Sensing Techniques

ABSTRACT

The south western states of Nigeria have witnessed urban growth over time and the effect of this is urban growth has resulted in loss of vegetation, waterbody, bare soil, mangroves and gain in built up area for residential and commercial purposes. This research utilizes Remote Sensing techniques in mapping of Land Use/Land Cover changes that has taken place in south western states of Nigeria between a period of 15 years from 2003 to 2018 at a five year interval using Multi temporal Landsat satellite images (MSS, TM, and ETM+).Using supervised classification algorithm, the images were classified into bare soil, built-up area, vegetation and water body, which was used to carry out change detection analysis or time series analysis. Change detection analyses were carried out on the imageries to obtain the physical expansion of the area due to various land use. Results obtained from the analysis of built-up area dynamics for fifteen years revealed that the states have been undergoing urban expansion processes at the detriment of other landcover. The expansion of the built-up area from the analysis shows that the urban center is spreading to adjoining non-built-up areas in all directions. The analysis and quantification of the spatial trend revealed that urban expansion patterns and developmental processes of the past trends and present trends can provide better understanding of the dynamics of spatial increase in built up area and guide for sustainable urban development planning for future urban growth.

Keywords: Land use, Urban expansion, Satellite imagery, Change detection, Supervised classification

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